1997), and morphological comparisons have confirmed interocean population differences (Kitchener et al. 1990). Baird et al. (2008) have pointed out that dedicated studies of false killer whales are frequently hindered by the rarity with which the species is encountered at sea, resulting in a very low rate of data accumulation. This situation makes specimen materials from mass strandings and dedicated fisheries important sources of information, not

only for investigating population distinction but also for elucidating the basic biology of the species. In this paper we analyze data from a stranded school in South Africa and from several shore-driven schools in Japan to describe the patterns of growth buy GSI-IX and reproduction in false killer whales and investigate what differences, if any, exist between these and other populations. The South

African material was collected from 65 false killer whales that stranded en masse on the west coast of the Western Cape Province on 19 August 1981, of which 56 were found over a 1.5 km stretch of beach in St. Helena Bay (32.781ºS, 18.1ºE). No known attempts to refloat animals were made. As scientists reached the site only two days later, the fixation of the material was suboptimal to poor. Regorafenib Data are available from 63 individuals (41 females and 22 males). Additional information from several other South African strandings was considered when relevant (e.g., length at birth). The Japanese material originated from 156 specimens (96 females and 60 males) from the following six schools taken in drive fisheries at Iki Island (33.8ºN, 129.718ºE), designed as culling operations to reduce fishery interactions (Kasuya 1985): 20 animals on 8 March (4 females, 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 1 male examined), 138 on 15 March (20 females, 15 males), 160 on 19 March 1979 (16 females, 12 males), 10 on 22 February (2 females, 4 males), 80 on 27 February (38 females, 18 males), and 155 on 6 March 1980 (16 females and 10 males). The date of capture does not necessarily correspond to the date of death, as groups were kept alive in a netted bay until

sampled. As many false killer whales as possible in each school were randomly selected and systematically examined while fishermen independently slaughtered and processed their catch. After recording sex and total length (cm), one to three adjacent teeth were removed from the center of the lower jaw of each specimen and fixed in 10% buffered formalin (Japan) or 70% ethanol (South Africa). The presence and color of milk was checked by pressing and then cutting the mammary gland. The maximum thickness (cm) of one gland was recorded at its widest point, and a sample fixed in 10% buffered formalin (South Africa). Both ovaries were collected and the presence of corpora lutea, corpora albicantia, or large follicles recorded before the ovaries were fixed in 10% buffered formalin.