001), which was solely based on the prospective modality.
Conclusions: The DUAM epitomizes a minimally invasive, economically proficient modality for road mapping procedural outcome in BS and EvR. It allows for high patient turnover with procedural and clinical success without compromising Belinostat solubility dmso hemodynamic outcome. The DUAM is superior to other available modalities as the sole preoperative imaging tool in a successful limb salvage program. (J Vasc Surg 2013;57:1038-45.)”
“Background: There is increasing evidence indicating that slow wave sleep (SWS) supports memory consolidation. This effect may in part originate from phasic
noradrinergic (NE) activity occurring during SWS in the presence of tonically lowered NE levels. Here, we examined whether NE supports the consolidation of amygdala-dependent emotional memory during SWS.
Methods: In a double-blind cross-over study, 15 men learned emotional and neutral materials (stories, pictures) in the evening before a 3-h period of early SWS-rich retention sleep, during which
either placebo or clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist which blocks locus coeruleus NE release, was intravenously infused. Memory retrieval as well as affective ratings and heart rate responses to the pictures were assessed 23 h after learning.
Results: Clonidine reduced plasma NE levels but had no effect on SWS. While retention of story content words and pictures per se remained unaffected, clonidine distinctly blocked the superiority SBC-115076 molecular weight of emotional compared to neutral memory for temporal order, with this superiority of emotional over neutral memories observed only in the placebo condition. Heart rate responses to pictures were not affected, but whereas under placebo conditions familiar negative pictures were rated less arousing and with a more negative valence compared to pictures not seen before; these differences were abolished after clonidine.
Conclusion:
Given that memory for the temporal order of events depends on the hippocampus to a greater extent than item memory, our findings Selleckchem LCZ696 suggest that NE activity during early SWS-rich sleep facilitates consolidation of memories that involve both, a strong amygdalar and hippocampal component. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: Carotid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be a useful tool in characterizing carotid plaque vulnerability, but large studies are still lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess carotid MRI features of vulnerable plaque in a large study and the changes in carotid plaque morphology with respect to time since the neurological event.
Methods: We included 161 patients with carotid plaque more than 3 mm thick. All patients underwent carotid MRI to obtain 3-T high-resolution magnetic resonance sequences.