(C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychiatric symptoms in patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy with a healthy control group and investigate the potential improvement after adenotonsillectomy.
Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 40 patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and a control group consisted of 35 healthy
volunteers without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. A routine ear nose throat (ENT) examination, flexible nasopharyngoscopy and tympanometry were carried selleck compound library out. The same procedures were applied to the control group. The parents of all the participants were required to fill out the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and a personal information FRAX597 form. At postoperative month six, the patients were re-examined, and their parents were required to fill out the same forms.
Results: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and sleep disorders
determined with the Early Childhood Inventory-4 were more common in the patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy than in the control group. There was a significant decrease in the rates of both types of disorders at postoperative month six. The total psychiatric symptom severity was higher in the patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and the following were more frequent: cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, symptom severity of anxiety disorders and sleep disorders Pinometostat determined with the Early Childhood Inventory-4, as well as emotional problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
problems, behavioural problems and peer problems determined with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire parent-report form. There was a statistically significant decrease in all the other symptoms at postoperative month six, except for the severity of oppositional defiant disorder symptoms determined with the Early Childhood Inventory-4 and behavioural problems determined with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire parent-report form. There were no differences in the severity of psychiatric disorders or symptoms between the adenotonsillar hypertrophy group and the control group at postoperative month six.
Conclusion: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is associated with psychiatric disorders and symptoms. Adenotonsillectomy ameliorated the symptoms and the severity of these disorders in most cases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Viruses cause not only direct infectious exanthems, but also parainfectious exanthems, which provoke skin alterations via interactions with the immune system. These distinct exanthems, for instance Gianotti-Crosti syndrome and pityriasis lichenoides group, do not reflect a specific pathogen but can occur in the course of many viral infections. In addition, some exanthems result from the interaction between viruses and drugs.