Many women also put their career aspirations on hold or give them up altogether when they reach the period of their lives where they want to start a family, based on the idea that family-work commitments will impact their careers and place them at a disadvantage in academia. In fact, many young women in science opt out of a competitive academic career path in order to spend more time with their families. In Asia, the problem has been more acute due to the fact that there have been few training opportunities available locally. Until recently, most aspiring

scientists had to leave their home countries for the US or Europe for further training and to pursue a credible career in science. As many Asian societies are patriarchic, this would be see more difficult, requiring mutual family consensus. Docetaxel cost Furthermore, in Asian families,

women are expected to shoulder more of the responsibilities of taking care of the family, so unless they have family support, it is very difficult for them to invest the time and dedication required for the demands of a career in the sciences. Thus, the gender disparity has stemmed from insufficient role models and the relative lack of support for women who strive for a career and a family. Recent societal changes in Asia aim to improve the situation, though. In countries such as China and Singapore, there is greater shared responsibility within the family structure, allowing women the freedom to pursue a career they desire. Policy implementation may also make a difference. The report commissioned by the InterAcademy Council has identified the following strategies to increase the number of women in science. Greater commitment from the top levels of the organization, establishment of an infrastructure such as a diversity committee, reviewing policies GPX6 and procedures to ensure there are no differential impact on men and women, transparency in all communication,

recruitment, promotion and awards, widening the inner circle, leadership training and mentoring, supporting a healthy work-family balance, and regular collecting of sex-disaggregated data and monitoring of progress (InterAcademy Council, 2004). However, it is up to the individual institutions to implement these strategies. Thus, to promote gender parity, many universities now provide maternity pay and child care facilities, and equal opportunities are enshrined in law. Furthermore, many schemes have been developed both on a global scale as well as locally. One well-known global initiative is the L’Oréal-UNESCO Awards (L’Oréal-UNESCO, 2011). Jointly established by L’Oréal Corporate Foundation and UNESCO, over the past 13 years under the umbrella of “For Women in Science,” the awards aim to promote women researchers who have made outstanding contributions to their field of work.