The changes in dentine morphology were evaluated by SEM.

Study design: Commercial prophylactic pastes and air-polishing powders were tested in this study. Dentine

discs from human third molars were used to study the quantitative reduction of the dentine permeability under simulated pulpal pressure (20 cm H(2)O). Further specimens were gold-coated and analysed using observed a SEM.

Results: The results of this study showed different dentine permeability redaction based on the type of product employed (i.e. prophylactic paste or air-polishing powders). The use of Sylc bioactive glass and sodium bicarbonate were the most effective in reducing dentine permeability of the specimens. However, the air-polishing procedures performed with Sylc bioactive glass created a dentine surface devoid of exposed dentinal tubules due to the presence

of a compact multilayered smear layer. Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief and Nupro NU-Solution reduced the GSK690693 dentine permeability up to 69.8% and 66.9% respectively.

Conclusion: Although all the tested products are able to statistically reduce dentine permeability, Sylc bioactive glass is an innovative and effective product which completely occludes the dentinal tubules during prophylactic procedures of air-polishing.”
“We report the case of a patient with a simultaneous presence of pyoderma gangrenosum, acne conglobata, suppurative hidradenitis, and axial spondyloarthritis. This condition differs from both the PASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and suppurative hidradenitis) syndrome, in which arthritis is absent, and the PAPA (pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne) Etomoxir supplier syndrome, in which suppurative hidradenitis is lacking. Our patient failed to respond to etanercept therapy, whereas all dermatologic and rheumatic manifestations completely regressed following infliximab infusion. We therefore propose that simultaneous presence of pyoderma gangrenosum, acne conglobata, suppurative hidradenitis, and seronegative spondyloarthritis GSK923295 might

represent a distinct syndrome that could be termed the PASS syndrome. Tumor necrosis factor alpha therapies seem to play selective roles.”
“Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate in vitro at temperatures <37 degrees C but that redissolve if heated; they are broadly divided into 3 classes. Cryoglobulinemia has a plethora of clinical manifestations, but it typically presents a vasculitic syndrome, most notably a triad of purpura, arthralgia, and weakness secondary to cryoglobulin deposition in small or medium-sized blood vessels. The highly variable clinical presentation and inconsistent laboratory isolation of cryoglobulins mean that the diagnosis may be one of exclusion or of retrospective review. We describe a case of a 67-year-old woman whose principal symptom was recurrent perioral edema, which was characteristically induced by cold.