“
“Background Legumes, and particularly lentils, are frequently consumed in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and some Asian countries. The aim of this study was to document the demographic features of children with lentil allergy and to determine the role of specific IgE (sIgE) in predicting the risk of clinical reactivity and disease persistence. Methods Thirty children were enrolled. The diagnosis

of lentil allergy was based on convincing history of symptoms or anaphylaxis after the ingestion of lentils, with positive LB-100 supplier skin tests and/or sIgE to lentils. To determine the diagnosis and prognosis of lentil allergy, 24 children were evaluated with food challenges. Results The median age at the onset of symptoms was 1.5yr (0.92.3) (inter-quartile range). The most frequent symptoms were immediate cutaneous (97%) and respiratory (30%) reactions, whereas eight patients (27%) reported anaphylactic reactions. The median level of lentil sIgE at the time of diagnosis was 3kU/l (1.29.6). Of the 24 challenges, 12 were positive. Fifteen patients (50%) outgrew the lentil allergy by the age of 3.5 (2.511) years. Children with an initial lentil sIgE<4.9kU/l had a significantly higher likelihood (68.4% vs. 18.2%) of outgrowing the lentil allergy than children with an

initial lentil sIgE4.9 k/l (p=0.008). Conclusions Our results suggest that HDAC assay sIgE levels may be important for predicting clinical reactivity and persistence of lentil allergy.”
“The on-line coupling of gel electrophoresis with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (GE-ICP-MS) is a powerful tool for simultaneous separation, detection and quantification of bio-molecules, and has been applied

to the determination of phosphorus in DNA, phosphoproteins, and phosphopeptides, gold in nano-particles, iron in metalloproteins, and iodine in aerosols, and cisplatin-oligonucleotide interactions. However, since the first report in 2005, relatively few papers have been published, perhaps reflecting the lack of familiarity with the benefits of this promising methodology. So, here for the first time, we critically review the applications of GE-ICP-MS, and explore HIF inhibitor the advantages and the limitations of the technique for various applications. Such scrutiny may be useful in not only the development of the technique but also highlighting its potential in proteomics, genomics and metallomics. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: Adenoidectomy is one of the oldest and most frequent ENT procedures. This study aimed to compare adenoidectomy using suction-cautery adenoidectomy (SCA) to curettage with respect to operative time, postoperative complications, and cost-effectiveness.

Methods: The data for this retrospective case control study were retrieved from the Medical Records Department at one of the few medical centers that perform this technique in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

4/1000 person-years without variation by age group. Sixteen S. Typhi isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). All S.

Paratyphi isolates were pan-susceptible. The duration of fever among patients with an MDR S. Typhi infection was longer than among patients with non-MDR S. Typhi (16 +/- 8 vs. 11 +/- 4 days, p = 0.02) and S. Paratyphi (10 +/- 2 days, p = 0.04) infections.

Conclusions: Typhoid fever is more common than paratyphoid fever in the urban Bangladeshi slum; children < 5 years old have the highest incidence. Multidrug resistance is common in S. Typhi isolates and is associated with prolonged illness. Strategies for typhoid fever prevention in children aged < 5 years in Bangladesh, including immunization, are needed. (C) 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published CP-868596 concentration by Elsevier Ltd. All rights find more reserved.”
“PURPOSE:

To compare the effects of hydrophobic acrylic, silicone, and heparin-surface-modified poly(methyl methacrylate) (HSM PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs) on posterior capsule opacification (PCO).

METHODS: In this 5-year prospective study, the same surgeon performed standard phacoemulsification in patients who were randomized to implantation of a round-edged HSM PMMA IOL (809C), a round-edged silicone IOL (SI-40NB), or a sharp-edged hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AcrySof MA60BM). The neodymium:YAG capsulotomy rate was recorded. To evaluate PCO and the position of the anterior capsulorhexis, Vactosertib retroillumination digital photographs were taken 5 years postoperatively and analyzed using the POCOman computer-analysis system.

RESULTS: After 5 years, there was no significant difference in the fraction or severity of PCO between the silicone IOLs and acrylic IOLs (both P = 1.0). The silicone IOL group

had a significantly higher capsulotomy rate (29%) than the acrylic IOL group (8%) (P=.0068). The HSM PMMA IOL group had a significantly higher PCO fraction, severity, and capsulotomy rate (54%) than the silicone and acrylic groups. In all eyes, the fraction (P=.0076) and severity (P=.0081) of PCO were statistically significantly higher when the anterior capsulorhexis was partly decentered than when it was completely on the optic; within each IOL group, there was no significant difference.

CONCLUSION: After 5 years, there was no significant difference in the semiquantitative evaluation of PCO between the sharp-edged acrylic IOL and round-edged silicone IOL. Eyes with the HSM PMMA IOL had more PCO than eyes with the other IOLs. J Cataract Refract Surg 2009, 35:1935-1940 (C) 2009 ASCRS and ESCRS”
“Leukocytes, containing myeloperoxidase (MPO), produce the reactive chlorinating species, HOCl and they have important roles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Leukocyte-derived HOCl can target primary amines, alkenes and vinyl ethers of lipids, resulting in chlorinated products. Plasmalogens are vinyl ether-containing phospholipids that are abundant in tissues of the cardiovascular system.

[doi:10.1063/1.3565400]“
“Retrospective analysis done at a children’s hospital showed significant decrease in infections and hospitalizations caused by rotavirus in northeast

Florida after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in 2006. The rotavirus season was delayed in onset by 8 months and duration prolonged by 2-3 months in 2008, and no definite season occurred in 2009.”
“The purpose of this study ACY-738 molecular weight was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ).

Women who presented for pelvic floor disorders completed the Chinese version of PFDI and PFIQ, SF-36, a 3-day urinary and fecal diary. POP-Q assessment, urodynamic study, anal manometry, and ultrasound were performed

where appropriate.

Five hundred and ninety-seven women completed the study. The Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability of PFDI and PFIQ was 0.92 and 0.98, and 0.77 and 0.79, respectively. Convergent validity was demonstrated with negative correlation of PFDI and PFIQ with SF-36; positive correlation of staging of prolapse, urinary or fecal incontinent episodes with the respective subscales of PFDI and PFIQ.

The Chinese version of PFDI and PFIQ are reliable and valid condition-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires for women with pelvic floor disorders.”
“We investigate magnetic-flux-induced persistent currents (PCs) in a one-dimensional nonlinear mesoscopic ring based on the Frenkel-Kontorova (FK) model. By applying a transfer-matrix technique, the energy spectra, the PCs, and the Thouless exponent www.selleckchem.com/autophagy.html are theoretically obtained. It is shown that the energy spectrum splits into sub-bands when the on-site energy is gradually increased, and in the flux-dependent energy spectra, the energy levels show different SBI-0206965 mouse behaviors over the transition by breaking of analyticity. Meanwhile, the PC is determined by the magnetic flux, the on-site energy, and the Fermi level. The increment of the on-site energy leads to a dramatic suppression of the

PC. When the Fermi level is in the vicinity of “”band”" gaps, the PC is limited considerably; otherwise, the PC increases by several orders of magnitude. The suppressed PC is related to the electronic localization of the FK ring, which is described by the Thouless exponents. Our investigations provide detailed information about the influence of nonlinear structure on the PC and contribute to its potential application in quantum devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3562257]“
“We report on the results of the 12-month follow-up of children aged 14 to 18 months who received primary and booster vaccinations with either a meningococcal-C vaccine conjugated to tetanus toxoid or CRM(197). Seroprotection (92.8%) and geometric mean titers/serum bactericidal activity (410.5; 95% CI: 273.4-616.

(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3618678]“
“Nationally distributed medications from compounding pharmacies, which typically DMH1 mouse adhere to less stringent quality-control standards than pharmaceutical manufacturers, can lead to multistate outbreaks. We investigated a cluster of 6 patients in a Maryland hospital who had Sphingomonas paucimobilis bloodstream infections in November 2007. Of the 6 case-patients,

5 (83%) had received intravenous fentanyl within 48 hours before bacteremia developed. Cultures of unopened samples of fentanyl grew S. paucimobilis; the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern was indistinguishable from that of the isolates of 5 case-patients. The contaminated fentanyl lot had been prepared at a compounding pharmacy and distributed to 4 states. Subsequently, in California, S. paucimobilis bacteremia was diagnosed for 2 patients who had received intravenous fentanyl from the same compounding pharmacy. These pharmacies should adopt more stringent quality-control measures, including prerelease product testing, when compounding and distributing large quantities of sterile preparations.”
“The purpose of this prospective, nine-center, non-randomized

study was to assess the efficacy and MLN4924 nmr safety of Celsior preservation fluid in liver transplantation using unselected donors. As data comparing allograft outcomes following liver transplantation using buy Evofosfamide Celsior and University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation fluids are limited, we also compared our cohort with matched controls selected from the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR) who received total liver

grafts preserved with UW solution during the same period. One hundred and forty patients who received livers preserved with Celsior were included. The primary endpoint, graft loss at one-yr post-transplantation, was observed in 24 patients (17.1%) which was not significantly different from the 20.0% pre-defined threshold rate (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.9, 23.4; p = 0.398). Predictive factors for graft loss on univariate analysis were moderate-to-severe steatosis on the donor graft (5/22 patients with graft loss vs. 8/107 patients without, p = 0.046) and duration of warm ischemia (1.4 +/- 1.1 h in patients with graft loss vs. 0.9 +/- 0.5 h in patients without, p = 0.034). Hepatic artery thrombosis and stenosis occurred in seven (5.0%) and six (4.3%) patients, respectively. The comparison of our patients to 420 ELTR controls showed that one-yr graft survival rates (Celsior: 82.9%, 95% CI 75.8, 88.2; UW: 78.6%, 95% CI 74.4, 82.2) and Kaplan-Meier one-yr graft survival distributions (p = 0.285) were similar.

Within the cold ischemia time achieved in our study, liver preservation with Celsior appeared efficient and safe. Comparison with ELTR patients suggested that liver allograft survival was similar using Celsior or UW solution for preservation of unselected donor grafts.

Peach pericarp is analogous to the valve tissues of the arabidopsis siliques. The stone (otherwise called pit) in drupes is formed through lignification of the fruit endocarp. The lignified endocarp in peach can be susceptible to split-pit formation under certain genetic as well as environmental factors. This phenomenon delays processing of the clingstone varieties of peach and causes economical losses for the peach fruit canning industry. The FRUITFULL (FUL) and SHATTERPROOF (SHP) genes are key MADS-box transcription protein coding factors that SC79 purchase control fruit development and dehiscence in arabidopsis by promoting

the expression of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors like SPATULA (SPT) and ALCATRAZ (ALC). Results from our previous studies on peach suggested that temporal regulation of PPERFUL and PPERSHP gene

expression may be involved in the regulation of endocarp margin development. In the present study a PPERSPATULA-like (PPERSFT) gene was cloned and characterized. Comparative analysis of temporal regulation of PPERSPT gene expression during pit hardening in a resistant and a susceptible to split-pit variety, suggests that this gene adds one more component to the genes network that controls endocarp margins development in peach. Taking into consideration that no ALC-like genes have been identified in any dicot plant species outside the Brassicaceae family, where arabidopsis belongs, PPERSPT may have additional role(s) in peach that are fulfilled in arabidopsis by ALC. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights Adavosertib clinical trial reserved.”
“Recent data have found that Plasmodium ovale can be separated in two distinct species: classic and variant P. ovale based on multilocus typing of different genes. This study presents a P. ovale isolate from a patient infected in Ghana together with an analysis of the small subunit RNA, cytochrome b, cytochrome c oxidase I, cysteine protease and lactate dehydrogenase genes, which THZ1 cost show that the sample is a variant P. ovale and identical or

highly similar to variant P. ovale isolated from humans in South-East Asia and Africa, and from a chimpanzee in Cameroon. The split between the variant and classic P. ovale is estimated to have occurred 1.7 million years ago.”
“Histopathological classification of human tumors relies in part on the degree of differentiation of the tumor sample. To date, there is no objective systematic method to categorize tumor subtypes by maturation. In this paper, we introduce a novel computational algorithm to rank tumor subtypes according to the dissimilarity of their gene expression from that of stem cells and fully differentiated tissue, and thereby construct a phylogenetic tree of cancer. We validate our methodology with expression data of leukemia, breast cancer and liposarcoma subtypes and then apply it to a broader group of sarcomas.

“
“Aim The purpose of the present study was to evaluate vaginal fluid -human chorionic gonadotrophin (-hCG) for the diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Material and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was performed on 123 pregnant women who were in the third trimester of their gestation (2837 weeks). The patients were divided into three groups: (i) PPROM group (41 cases); (ii) suspected PPROM group (42 cases); and (iii) intact membranes control group (40 cases). Five milliliters of sterile normal saline was inserted into the posterior fornix of the vagina and then vaginal fluid was aspirated and sent to the laboratory for -hCG measurement. Finally, the amount of -hCG learn more was compared in the three groups. Results -hCG concentration was 7.71 +/- 15.7mIU/mL in the intact membrane control group, 468.06 +/- 366.34mIU/mL in the PPROM group and 176.43 +/- 316.37mIU/mL in the suspected GW4869 order PPROM group, which showed a significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001). In order to find an optimal cut-off value for -hCG, the receiveroperator curve was used and a cut-off value of 79.5mIU/mL with a sensitivity

of 95% and specificity of 84% was determined to be optimal. Conclusion -hCG was higher in the cases of PPROM and patients who were suspected to have PPROM, and may be used as a suitable, fast and reliable test for detecting rupture of membranes.”
“The aim of this research was to study the recovery of phenolic compounds from grape seeds, by-products from winemaking industries, using ethanolic solid-liquid extraction. For such a purpose, the combined effects of the extraction time (9, 19 and 29 h) and the solid-liquid ratio (0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 gdw mL(-1)), were investigated (where dw = dry waste). Results demonstrated that Pinot Noir seeds had high levels of both total polyphenols (73.66 mg(Gallic Acid Equivalent) gdw(-1)) and flavonoids (30.90 mg(Catechin) (Equivalent) gdw(-1)), being the optimum extraction time 19 h approximately. The main phenolic

compounds analysed with high performance liquid chromatography were catechin and quercetin with a maximum extraction yield obtained at 29 h (362.23 OICR-9429 price and 339.35 mg/100 gdw, respectively). Concentration of the polyphenols and their antiradical powers are demonstrated to have a significant linear correlation.”
“Aim To investigate perinatal outcomes, the analgesic efficacy and maternal satisfaction in nulliparous women receiving fentanyl intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (i.v.-PCA). Material and Methods A total of 1401 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy who received fentanyl i.v.-PCA (i.v.-PCA group, n=290) or no analgesia (control group, n=1111) in labor between 2005 and 2010 were reviewed. Fentanyl i.v.

There was no difference in the rate of leak and return to the operating room between groups (both P > 0.05).

These results indicate that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can be performed safely with robotic assistance, even during the first 100 cases.”
“BackgroundOral immunotherapy (OIT) with cow’s milk (CM) has been reported to induce a number of specific antibody responses, but these remain to be fully characterized. Our objective was to explore whether IgE and IgG4 epitope

binding profiles could predict the risk of side effects during CM OIT.

MethodsThe study population consisted of 32 children (6-17yr of age) with CM allergy: 26 children who successfully completed OIT and six children who discontinued therapy due to adverse reactions. We investigated sera drawn

before and after OIT. We analyzed specific IgE selleck inhibitor and IgG4 binding to CM protein-derived peptides with a microarray-based immunoassay. Antibody binding affinity was analyzed with a competition assay where CM proteins in solution competed with peptides printed on the microarray.

ResultsIgE binding to CM peptides decreased and IgG4 binding increased following the OIT in children who attained desensitization. Compared with children who successfully completed OIT, those who discontinued OIT due to adverse reactions developed increased quantities and affinity of epitope-specific IgE antibodies and a broader diversity of IgE and IgG4 binding, but less overlap in IgE and IgG4 binding to CM peptides.

ConclusionsDetailed analysis of IgE and IgG4 binding to CM peptides may help in predicting whether CM OIT will be tolerated Selleckchem GSK2126458 successfully. It may thus improve the safety of the therapy.”
“Objectives: To analyze whether differences between the interval from suspicion or clinical diagnosis to treatment

onset (IClinDT) and the interval from certainty diagnosis to treatment onset (ICertDT) varied by tumor site, stage, and mode of hospital admission.

Study Design and Setting: From our hospital cancer Quizartinib registry, we selected all 8,814 patients with breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, or cervical cancer diagnosed between 1992 and 2006. We compared IClinDT and ICertDT with density plots and logistic regression.

Results: IClinDT was up to three times higher than ICertDT. There were very large differences among stages and within each stage in IClinDT and ICertDT. Tumor stage significantly influenced the difference between the two intervals in three of the five locations (breast, lung, and prostate cancer); as stage worsened, the difference between IClinDT and ICertDT became smaller. In all tumor sites, the difference was larger in scheduled than in emergency admissions. Overall, therapeutic delays even when measured by ICertDT were disturbingly common for important subgroups of patients.

Conclusion: The difference between IClinDT and ICertDT varied highly by tumor site, stage, and mode of hospital admission.

The disparate findings appeared to result from the use CA4P molecular weight of different methods or from variations in the antigens used to detect the anti-CagA antibody. CagA

seropositivity was associated with an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. Conclusion: Anti-CagA antibody can be used as a biomarker for gastric cancer even in east-Asian countries.”
“Study Design. A novel noninvasive approach to measure facet joint pressure in the cervical spine was investigated using a tip-mounted transducer that can be inserted through a hole in the bony lateral mass. This technique is advantageous because it does not require resection of the joint capsule, but there are potential issues regarding its applicability that are addressed.

Objective. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a tip-mounted pressure probe’s position and orientation on contact pressure measurements in biomechanical experiments.

Summary of Background Data. Measurements of direct contact pressure in the facet joint of cadaveric spines have been obtained via pressure-sensitive films. However, that method requires the resection of the facet capsule, which can alter the overall joint’s mechanical behavior and can affect the measured contact pressures.

Methods. Influence of position and orientation on probe measurements was evaluated

in companion surrogate and cadaveric investigations. GSK J4 Epigenetics inhibitor The probe was placed in the facet of an anatomic vertebral C4/5 surrogate undergoing sagittal bending moments. Pressure-sensitive paper was used to map contact regions in the joint of the surrogate and cadaveric cervical segments (n = 3) during extension. The probe also

underwent uniaxial compression in cadaveric facets to evaluate the effect of orientation relative Ganetespib mouse to the contact surface on the probe signal.

Results. Although experimental and theoretical pressure profiles followed the same trends, measured maximum pressures were half of the theoretical ones. In the orientation study, maximum pressures were not different for probe orientations of 0 degrees and 5 degrees, but no signal was recorded at orientations greater than 15 degrees.

Conclusion. This approach to measure pressure was selected to provide a minimally-invasive method to quantify facet joint pressures during clinically relevant applications. Both the position and orientation of the probe are critical factors in monitoring local pressure profiles in this mobile synovial joint.”
“Luteinizing hormone (LH) is an important glycoprotein hormone that regulates gonadal function in mammals and in turn regulates physiological status changes during the estrous cycle. The function of LH is mediated by luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR).

There were no deaths. Length of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 10 years.

Conclusions: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis could be caused by HP. Diagnosis is based on investigations that should be performed in all patients, preferably during a period of active bleeding. These include upper digestive endoscopy, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and selective arteriography of the coeliac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. Contrast-enhanced

CT had a high positive yield comparable with that of selective angiography buy CBL0137 in our series. Therapeutic options consist of selective embolization and surgery. Endovascular treatment can control unstable haemodynamics and can be sufficient in some cases. However, in patients with persistent unstable haemodynamics, recurrent bleeding or failed embolization, surgery is required.”
“Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pathogenic mycoplasma responsible for respiratory tract infections in humans, which

occurs worldwide in children and adults. This article focuses on its antibiotic susceptibility profile and on the development of acquired resistance in this microorganism. The lack of a cell wall in mycoplasmas makes them intrinsically resistant to beta-lactams and to all antimicrobials that target the cell wall. M. pneumoniae is susceptible to macrolides and related antibiotics, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. Macrolides and related antibiotics are the first-line treatment for respiratory Selleckchem Stem Cell Compound Library infections caused by M. pneumoniae. However, strains with acquired resistance to macrolides have recently emerged worldwide and have been spreading in Europe, SC79 datasheet USA and A sia especially, with more than 90% of Chinese isolates resistant to erythromycin

and azithromycin. This acquired resistance can be detected by PCR methods directly from respiratory specimens and is related to 23S rRNA mutations.”
“We prepared titanium dioxide/PVA nanocomposite fiber webs for application in multifunctional textiles by electrospinning. The morphological properties of the TiO2/PVA nanocomposite fibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Layered fabric systems with electrospun TiO2 nanocomposite fiber webs were developed using various concentrations of TiO2 and a range of web area densities, and then the UV-protective properties, antibacterial functions, formaldehyde decomposition ability, and ammonia deodorization efficiency of the fabric systems were assessed. Layered fabric systems with TiO2 nanocomposite fiber webs containing 2 wt% TiO2 nanoparticles at 3.0 g m-2 web area density exhibited an ultraviolet protection factor of greater than 50, indicating excellent UV protection. The same system showed a 99.3% reduction in Staphylococcus aureus.

All animals received intravenous Tacrolimus (0.025 mg/kg) BID during the course of the study. Sensory and motor functions as well as general morbidity were assessed for 28 days. Full

necropsy was performed and spinal cords were analyzed for graft survival. This study was performed under Good Laboratory Practice conditions.

Results. see more Neither mortality nor permanent surgical complications were observed within the 28-day study period. All animals returned to preoperative baseline showing full motor function recovery. Graft survival was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion. Clinically acceptable neural progenitor survival, distribution, and density were achieved using the number of injections and surgical techniques specifically developed for this purpose.”
“The hemibiotrophic filamentous fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis causes the banana foliar disease Selleck MEK162 known as black Sigatoka, responsible for major worldwide losses in

the banana fruit industry. In this work the in vitro secretome of M. fijiensis was characterized. Native and denaturant polyacrylamide gel protease assays showed the M. fijiensis secretome contains protease activity capable of degrading gelatin. Necrotic lesions on leaves were produced by application of the in vitro secretome to the surface of one black Sigatoka-resistant banana wild species, one susceptible cultivar and the non-host plant Carica papaya. To distinguish if necrosis by the secretome

is produced by phytotoxins or proteins, the latter ones were precipitated with ammonium sulfate and applied in native or denatured forms onto leaves of the same three plant species. Proteins applied in both preparations were able to produce necrotic lesions. Application of Pronase, a commercial bacterial protease suggested that the necrosis was, at least in part, caused by protease activity from the M. fijiensis secretome. The ability to cause necrotic lesions between M. fijiensis secreted- and ammonium sulfate-precipitated proteins, this website and purified lipophilic or hydrophilic phytotoxins, was compared. The results suggested that leaf necrosis arises from the combined action of non-host specific hydrolytic activities from the secreted proteins and the action of phytotoxins. This is the first characterization of the M. fijiensis protein secretome produced in vitro but, more importantly, it is also the first time the M. fijiensis secretome has been shown to contain virulence factors capable of causing necrosis to its natural host. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“A powerful way to separate signal from noise in biology is to convert the molecular data from individual genes or proteins into an analysis of comparative biological network behaviors.